What deformity may result from excessive femoral anteversion greater than 25 degrees?

Excessive femoral anteversion refers to a condition where the femur is rotated excessively inward, which is typically defined as an angle greater than 25 degrees. This inward rotation can lead to a compensatory foot position, resulting in a gait pattern known as in-toeing.

In children and some adolescents, in-toeing often arises from the anatomical position of the femur. As the child walks or runs, the feet may point toward the midline rather than outward, which is a direct consequence of the altered femoral alignment. This condition is commonly seen in early childhood and is often a normal variant that can correct itself as the child grows, but it certainly presents as a characteristic gait pattern related to excessive femoral anteversion.

The other deformities listed do not directly correlate with excessive femoral anteversion. For example, genu valgum refers to a condition where the knees are closer together than the feet, an alignment issue that is not specifically caused by femoral anteversion. Similarly, out-toeing is when the feet point outward, which would be the opposite of what occurs with excessive femoral anteversion, and clubfoot is a congenital deformity affecting the position of the foot and ankle that is unrelated to the femoral rotation.