What does flat foot in old gait terminology occur during?

Flat foot, in the context of gait terminology, refers to a period in the gait cycle where the foot comes into full contact with the ground. This typically occurs during the loading response phase of the gait cycle.

During the loading response, the foot adopts a flat position to accommodate weight transfer from the heel to the forefoot. This phase starts immediately after the foot makes initial contact with the ground. As the body weight shifts, the entire plantar surface of the foot engages with the ground, facilitating balance and shock absorption.

It's important to understand this concept within the context of the gait cycle. While midstance refers to the phase when the body is directly over the weight-bearing foot, and initial contact occurs as the heel strikes the ground, flat foot specifically relates to the loading response where the foot has settled and is effectively flat against the ground. This position is critical for providing support and stability while distributing the forces exerted during walking.