What is the primary goal of using Waddell's signs in assessment?

The primary goal of using Waddell's signs in assessment is to identify psychological factors affecting pain. Waddell's signs consist of a series of physical examination tests that are designed to assess non-organic components of pain, reflecting how psychological and social factors may contribute to a patient's pain experience. These signs help clinicians differentiate between pain that is likely to have a psychological basis—such as in cases of heightened anxiety, somatization, or malingering—and pain that is due to a physical or organic cause.

Since Waddell's signs focus on the relationship between psychosocial variables and pain perception rather than purely physical disabilities, muscle strength, or joint instability, their correct application can lead to more nuanced management strategies that address both the physical and psychological aspects of pain. By identifying these factors, clinicians can tailor treatments more effectively, improving outcomes and helping patients achieve better quality of life.