What test involves a patient supine with their shoulder in 90 degrees abduction followed by adduction and medial rotation?

The test you are referring to involves positioning the patient supine with their shoulder in 90 degrees of abduction while then moving into adduction and medial rotation, which is indicative of the Posterior Apprehension Sign. This test is specifically used to assess the stability of the shoulder joint, particularly the posterior glenohumeral joint capsule, and to check for potential instability or dislocative tendencies in that direction.

In clinical practice, this test is crucial for evaluating posterior shoulder instability, which can occur due to trauma, repetitive overhead activities, or congenital conditions. During the maneuver, the patient may exhibit apprehension or discomfort if there is instability, which confirms the presence of a potential posterior instability issue.

The other tests listed serve different purposes. For example, the Apprehension Test primarily examines forward shoulder instability, and the Neer Test assesses for impingement in shoulder structures. The Sulcus Sign checks for inferior shoulder instability. None of these directly replicate the specific movements and focus involved in the Posterior Apprehension Sign, making it the correct answer for the scenario described.