Which test is used to differentiate between lumbar dysfunction and sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction?

Goldthwait's test is specifically designed to differentiate between lumbar dysfunction and sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction. The test involves the examiner palpating the lumbar spine while performing a straight leg raise. If the pain occurs before the lumbar spine begins to move (before the palpable movement is felt), it suggests that the source of pain is from the SIJ. Conversely, if pain occurs after the lumbar spine moves, it indicates that the issue is likely originating from the lumbar spine itself.

This testing method is particularly useful in clinical settings where distinguishing between these two common sources of low back pain is crucial for effective treatment planning. Understanding the biomechanics of both the lumbar spine and the SIJ is essential, as they can present with similar symptoms but require different management approaches.

The other tests mentioned in the options do not focus on differentiating between lumbar and SIJ dysfunction in the same specific way. For instance, Hautant's test is typically used to assess vascular integrity and upper extremity coordination, while the Hamstring 90/90 test assesses hamstring flexibility. McMurray's test is primarily used to evaluate meniscal tears in the knee, making it unrelated to distinguishing between lumbar and SIJ issues.