Which tests make up the test cluster for shoulder impingement?

The test cluster for shoulder impingement comprises the Hawkins Kennedy test, the Painful Arc test, and the Infraspinatus test.

The Hawkins Kennedy test is designed to provoke pain by placing the shoulder in a position that narrows the subacromial space, helping to identify impingement of the rotator cuff tendons. The Painful Arc test involves assessing the presence of pain during arm elevation; pain between 60 to 120 degrees indicates impingement. Lastly, the Infraspinatus test assesses the strength of the external rotators, which if weak, could be indicative of rotator cuff pathology, complementing the assessment of impingement.

Together, these tests create a cohesive strategy for evaluating shoulder impingement. The conditions tested and the methods are directly relevant to the mechanics of shoulder movement and the pathoanatomy associated with impingement syndromes.

The other combinations of tests listed do not specifically focus on conditions related to shoulder impingement. Therefore, the selection of the three tests included in the correct answer is essential for a comprehensive evaluation of potential impingement issues in the shoulder.